Spade



(No Model.)

G. J. DIGKSON.

'SPADE.

Patented Apr. 21, 1885.

INVENTOR.

N. vmns. Fihulwlilhogllpher. Wnhington. n c.

I UNITED" STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GILBERT J. DIOKSON, or ALBANY, NEW YORK.

SPADE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 316,014, dated April 21, 1885.

Application filed November 7, 1884. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GILBERT J. DIOKSON, of the city and county of Albany, and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Ice and other Spades, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part thereof.

My invention relates more particularly to improvements in the mode of attaching and fastening a handle socket or stem to a blade, which may be cut or stamped from plate-steel or other metals without welding or riveting, thereby economizing in the manufacture.

My invention consists in cutting or forming in a blade a recess and inserting therein a malleable or other iron handle socket or stem so arranged as to be securely fastened therein by expanding said socket stem or blade, as will be hereinafter more fully set forth.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal face view of an ice spade or cutter with my improved handle-socket applied thereto. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the same, showing the manner of fastening with socket expanded in recess of blade. Fig. 3 is a similar section to Fig. 2,showing socket in recess before expanded. Fig. 4 is a cross-section of Fig. 3 taken through the line 3 y. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of Fig. 3 taken through the line z 2. Fig. 6 is an edge view of Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is a detached View of the blade, more clearly showing the formation of the recess therein. Fig. 8 is an inner end view of the socket in recess of blade before expanded.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views.

The blade A, as shown in Fig. 7, is cut or stamped from plate-steel, and provided with the recess E, having the notches c c, or their equivalent, also stamped therein.

The handle-socket B, as shown in Figs. 1, 4, and 6, is made of malleableiron, and provided with the slotted projections a a a on its opposite sides; The outer end of said socket from the projection a outward is made found, as shown in Fig. 4, while the inner end from a inward is made oblong or flattened, as shown in Figs. 3, 5,.and 8. The projection a on the flattened or inner end of said socket is not slotted entirely to the'body of said socket, as projections a and c as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, butleaves the portion 6 e of said projection at the bottom of the slots, which protrudes into the notches c c of the recess E of blade when the end of said socket is flattened, as shown in Fig. 6; or, as before mentioned, the said socket may be provided with notches, and the blade expanded into them, or vice versa.

The mode of inserting and fastening the said socket in the blade is as follows: The socket B, which is made of malleable iron, is driven into the recess E of the blade A, as shown in Fig. 3, the projections a a a straddling the said blade, as shown more clearly in Figs=4 and 6. When the portions 6 e of the slotted projection a on the inner end of said socket are opposite the notches 0 c of the recess E, they may be pressed into said notches, as shown in Fig. 2, by a mandrel being driven into said socket, which will expand the ob long or flattened end out parallel with its round end, as shown in Fig. 2, at the same time drawing inward the opposite sides or lips, g g, of said socket, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 5. Said lips are then beaten down close to the blade, as shown in Fig. 6, to pre- Vent any withdrawal of the said projections when the mandrel is removed.

My invention is applicable to all kinds of blades wherever a socket or handle=sten1 is required to be attached thereto, such as Spades, hoes, &c. When applied to a hoe, or when the socket is required to be beyond the blade, the expansion is obtained by corrugating the portion inserted in the blade, which, when straightened, will expand and fill the recess. If desired, the projections a a a may be made a continuous web or united by a web. The said socket may also be secured in the recess E by upsetting the outer corners of the recess of the blade; but this being liable to work loose, the way shown is preferred. By thus inserting the socket in the body of the blade, instead of welding or riveting it thereto, or by forming it on the end of a stem, shank, or neck formed on or part of said blade, as heretofore made, the strength of the blade is added to the socket, and dispenses with the shank or neck between the handle and the blade, which is the weak part in most implements, and per= mits the stamping of the blade frorrrplate-steel without forging or welding, thereby reducing the cost of manufacture.

Having thus described my invention, what 5 I l i GILBERT J. DICKSON.

The socket B, having the slotted projections l Witnesses:

a a 0?, or their equivalent, as described, in l EDWARD A. HOFFMAN, combination with the blade A, having the recess E, provided with the notches c a, or their equiva1ent,'as' described, or vice versa, sub- 10 stantially as and for the purpose specified.

DAVID E. KING. 

